Polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome (PMOS) is a hormonal disorder that can affect females in their reproductive years. It is a disorder characterized by typical symptoms with no single known root cause. Common hormonal imbalances of PMOS include insulin resistance and increased levels of male hormone production, both of which can lead to metabolic and reproductive complications.
PMOS has many common symptoms. Some of these symptoms include irregular or absent menstrual periods, irregular bleeding, increased body hair on areas such as the face and chest, acne, weight gain in the midsection, thinning hair on the head, and pain in the pelvic region. PMOS can even lead to infertility by causing the absence of ovulation. It may be a genetic condition that runs in families, but the root cause is unknown. Females who suffer from PMOS have an increased risk for type 2 diabetes, hypertension, high cholesterol, depression, anxiety, and endometrial cancer.
Healthy lifestyle habits, such as dietary consumption and physical activity, can manage symptoms of PMOS. Consuming mostly whole grains, a variety of fruits and vegetables, lean protein options, and low-fat or fat-free dairy can help to manage symptoms, weight, and blood sugar. Examples of dietary patterns that may be recommended to females with PMOS are the Mediterranean Diet or the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) Diet. Healthy dietary habits for women with PMOS include:
- four to five meals or snacks throughout the day, starting with breakfast
- twenty-five grams of dietary fiber daily from fruit, vegetable, and whole grain sources
- omega-3 fatty acid consumption through fatty fish and flaxseed
- protein at all meals and snacks
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